Haɓɓakar fasaha (Technology) da amfani da ita a kusan kowane fanni na rayuwarmu ya haifar da karuwar hare-haren yanar gizo, keta bayanai, da laifukan yanar gizo.
Wannan ya haifar da buƙatar samun tsaro daga ƙungiyoyi da masana a wannan fannin ga kasuwanci, gwamnatoci kokuma wasu kugiyoyi don tabbatar da samun tsaro ga na’urorinsu daga barazanar hare-haren yanar gizo. Wannan shine babban dalilin bukatar madatsa na’ura masu yin kutse a dokance (legally), wayanda ake kira da (Ethical Hackers) a yaren turanci, wayanda kuma sune suke gwajin kutsawa na’urori kokuma shafukan da aka basu damar gwaji akansu domin gano rauni kokuma muce nakasun wannan shafin kokuma na’urar. “Ethical Hacking” tsari ne na kwaikwayon harin yanar gizo don gano lahani a cikin na’urori, shafukan yanar gizo, cibiyoyin sadarwa, kokuma na aikace-aikace, domin kai rahoton irin raunin da aka samu ga masu wannan shafin kokuma na’urar domin a gyara raunin kafin kowane maharin ya yi amfani da su.
Menene Ethical Hacking?
Ethical hacking is tsarine kuma halattacciyar hanyar kokarin yin kutse ko shiga cikin wata na’ura mai kwakwalwa, yanar gizo, kokuma wata manhaja tare da samun cikakkiyar damar yin hakan daga mai mallakinsu. Mafi girman bangaren da wannan tsarin ya maida hankali akai shine gano kuskure, rauni kokuma wata kafa da madatsa na’ura zasu iya amfani da su kutsa cikin wata na’ura sannan a shawarci mai wannan na’urar da ya karawa naurarshi kokuma shafinshi tsaro. sannan akan kira “Ethical hackers” da “White hat hackers” kokuma “Security Researchers”. Sun kasance kwararrune kuma sunayin amfani da irin kayan aikin da dabarun da madatsa na’ura masu yin kutse ba abisa doka ba suke amfani dasu, amma da nufin nemo rauni sannan sukai rahoton akanahi.
Meyasa akeyin Ethical Hacking?
Ethical Hacking yana da matukar muhimmanci, domin yana taimakon kungiyoyi, masana’antu da gwamnatoci gurin gano kura-kuren na’urorinsu, manhajojinsu, kokuma shafukansu kafin madatsa na’ura bata gari su gano kura-kuren suyi amfani dasu. Ta hanyar ganowa da gyara irin wayannan kura-kuren, kungiyoyi sukan gujewa mafi yawancin hare-haren yanar gizo, kutsen na’ura, da kuma asarar manya-manyan kudade.
Hanyoyin da ake bi domin yin Ethical Hacking
Hanyoyin da ake bi domin yin Ethical Hacking sunada yawa, sun hada da
Tsare-tsare (planning): A wannan mataki, Madatsi yana aiki tare da mai mallakin na’urar, shafin yanar gizon, kokuma manhajar don samun matsaya da iyakar gwajin, da tantance kayan aiki da dabarun da za a yi amfani da su.
Tattara abubuwan da za’ayi aiki akansu (Reconnaissance): Wannan matakin ya ƙunshi tattara bayanai game da na’ura, shafin da aka nufa domin aiki akanshi. Wayannan bayanan zasu iya haɗawa da adiresoshin IP, sunayen domains, tsarin zubin na’ura da kuma manhaja.
Binciken kwakwaf (Scanning): A wannan mataki, madatsi yana amfani da kayan aiki daban-daban don bincika na’ura, hanyar sadarwar shafin yanar gizo, ko hanyoyin sadarwa don gano wasu budaddun kafofin kokuma raunuka da zai iya amfani dasu don kutsawa cikin na’ura ko shafin yanar gizo.
Samun damar shiga (Gaining Access): A wannan mataki, madatsi yana yin ƙoƙarin samun cikakken iko akan na’ura, hanyoyin sadarwa, ko manhaja ta hanyar amfani da dabarun kutse daban-daban kamar “brute force attack”, “social engineering”, sannan suyi amfani da raunin da suka samu, daga na’urar ko shafin yanar gizo.
Tattalin damar shiga da aka samu (Maintaining Access): Da zarar madatsi ya samu damar kutsawa cikin na’ura, manhaja kokuma shafin yanar gizon da ya nufa, yana ƙoƙarin tattalin damar kutsen da ya samu, domin yin amfani da ita nan gaba.
Zurfafa bincike ko nazari (Analysis): A wannan mataki, madatsi yana nazarin sakamakon kutsen gwajin tare da shirya rahoto da yin bayani akan raunukan da ya samu, da shawarwari don gyarawa.
Rahoto (Report): Mataki na ƙarshe ya haɗa da gabatar da rahoto ga mai na’ura, shafin yanar gizo, ko manhaja da kuma tattaunawa akan sakamakon binciken, shawarwari, da irin tasirin raunin na’urar yake dashi.
Nau’ukan Ethical Hacking
Akwai nau’ikan kutse da yawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da:
Gwajin Tsaron shafin Yanar Gizo (Web Application Testing): Irin wannan nau’in kutsen ya ƙunshi gwada shafin yanar gizo don wani rauni kamar “SQL injection”, “Cross-site Scripting”, da “Input Validation errors”.
Gwajin Yanar Gizo(Network Testing): Wannan nau’in kutsen ya ƙunshi gwajin hanyoyin sadarwa don gano rauni kamar “misconfigured routers”, “firewalls”, da kuma “weak passwords”.
Da sauransu.
Amfanin Ethical Hacking:
Ethical Hacking yana da fa’idodi da yawa, waɗanda suka haɗa da:
Inganta Tsaro: Ethical Hacking yana taimaka wa ƙungiyoyi don ganowa da kuma gyara lahani kafi kafin mugayen madatsa su yi amfani da su. Wannan dalilin ne yasa muka samar da cikakkun darussa akan Ethical Hacking a Flowdiary ga yan koyo da masuso su habbaka iliminsu na Ethical Hacking.